Common Problems and Solutions in the Laser Cutting Process
Laser cutting is a high-precision, high-efficiency processing technology, but in actual operation will inevitably encounter some common problems. XT LASER will analyze the causes of these problems in detail and provide corresponding solutions to help you effectively improve the cutting quality.
Rough cutting edges or burrs
- Cause analysis
① Insufficient laser power: the power is too low, the material can not be completely melted, resulting in rough cutting edges.
② cutting speed is too fast: the laser beam does not stay on the surface of the material for a sufficient period of time, the formation of burrs.
③ Focal length is not correct: the laser focus position is not accurate, affecting the cutting quality.
④ Improper gas pressure: insufficient or high pressure of the auxiliary gas will lead to the formation of burrs.
⑤ Mismatch of material properties: the cutting parameters are not adjusted according to the type and thickness of the material.
⑥ Laser head contamination: Dirt or coke on the laser head affects the quality of the laser beam.
- Solution:
① Adjust the laser power: Increase the laser power appropriately.
① Adjust the laser power: Increase the power appropriately to ensure that the material is fully melted.
② Optimize cutting speed: Reduce the speed so that the laser has enough time to finish cutting.
③ Calibrate the focus: Make sure the laser focus is accurate and the focus position should be on or slightly below the surface of the material.
④ Adjust the gas pressure: Adjust the auxiliary gas pressure according to the material characteristics and make sure the flow rate is stable.
⑤ Choose suitable parameters: understand the material characteristics and set the cutting power and speed reasonably.
⑥ Clean the laser head: Clean the laser head regularly to keep the equipment in good condition.
Cutting section is too wide or melting phenomenon occurs
- Cause analysis
① Laser power is too high: the power setting is too high, resulting in excessive melting of the material.
② cutting speed is too slow: too slow to make the laser stay too long, increasing the heat-affected zone.
③ Focal length inaccuracy: improper location of the focal point leading to an increase in the diameter of the laser beam.
④ insufficient auxiliary gas flow: insufficient gas flow can not blow away the molten metal, exacerbating the melting phenomenon.
⑤ Material characteristics are not suitable: certain materials or materials with greater thickness are more likely to melt.
⑥ Poor laser beam quality: Poor laser beam uniformity or divergence angle will affect the cutting effect.
- Solution
① Reduce the laser power: according to the material characteristics of the appropriate reduction of laser power.
② Increase cutting speed: Adjust the speed to avoid melting problems caused by too slow.
Calibrate the focal length: Make sure the laser focus position is correct.
④ Increase the auxiliary gas flow: Ensure that the gas flow is sufficient to blow away the molten metal effectively.
⑤ Select appropriate material and parameters: Before cutting, adjust the parameters reasonably to suit the material characteristics.
⑥ Improve the laser beam quality: Maintain the laser equipment regularly to ensure the laser beam quality.
The cutting surface is not flat and there are ripples
- Cause analysis
① Laser power fluctuation: unstable laser output leads to uneven energy distribution.
② cutting speed is not uniform: speed changes affect the laser beam on the surface of the material time.
③ Focal length inaccuracy: improper location of the focal point, cutting quality decline.
④ material deformation or unevenness: material warping or surface unevenness affect the cutting effect.
⑤ Laser head vibration: the lack of mechanical stability of the equipment may produce vibration.
⑥ unstable auxiliary gas flow: unstable gas flow affects the blowing effect of molten metal.
- Solution
① Stabilize laser power: Set reasonable maximum and minimum power to ensure stable laser output.
② Optimize cutting speed: Keep the speed consistent and avoid speed fluctuation during cutting.
③ Calibrate the focus: adjust the laser focus position regularly to ensure the cutting accuracy.
④ Check the material flatness: straighten the material before cutting to avoid affecting the cutting quality due to warping.
⑤ Enhance laser head stability: Check and tighten the mechanical parts of the laser head to reduce vibration.
⑥ Control gas flow: Ensure the auxiliary gas flow is stable to improve the quality of cutting surface.
Abnormal sparks during cutting
- Cause analysis
① Laser power is too high: too high a laser power setting may lead to excessive melting of the material, generating a large number of sparks.
② cutting speed is too slow: cutting speed is too slow will make the laser stay on the material for too long, increasing the generation of sparks.
- Solution
① Adjust the laser power: Reduce the laser power appropriately according to the thickness and type of material to reduce the spark generation.
② Optimize the cutting speed: Increase the cutting speed to ensure that the laser acts on the material for the appropriate time to avoid sparks caused by too slow.
Quality problems during laser cutting usually stem from parameter settings, material characteristics or inadequate equipment maintenance. By adjusting the power, speed, focal length and optimizing the flow of auxiliary gas, etc., the cutting quality can be effectively improved.
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